1. Be 助动词
Be 助动词是英语中最基本的助动词，用于构成各种时态和语态。它有不同的形式，包括 am, is, are, was, were, been。
例句：
- She is studying at the library. (现在进行时)
- He was late for class. (过去时)
- They have been waiting for an hour. (现在完成时)
2. Have 助动词
Have 助动词主要用于构成现在完成时和过去完成时，表示动作发生在某个时间点之前。
例句：
- I have finished my homework. (现在完成时)
- She had already eaten before we arrived. (过去完成时)
3. Do 助动词
Do 助动词用于构成一般现在时、一般过去时、否定句、疑问句和祈使句。
例句：
- Do you like ice cream? (一般现在时疑问句)
- I did my homework last night. (一般过去时)
- I don't want to go there. (否定句)
4. Will 助动词
Will 助动词常用来构成一般将来时，表示将来的动作或事件。
例句：
- She will graduate from college next year. (一般将来时)
5. Would 助动词
Would 是 will 的过去式，用于构成过去将来时，表示过去将来的动作或情况。
例句：
- He said he would call me later. (过去将来时)
6. Shall 助动词
Shall 用于第一和第二人称，构成一般将来时，表示打算或愿意。
例句：
- Shall we meet at the park tomorrow? (提出建议)
7. Should 助动词
Should 是 shall 的过去式，用于构成过去将来时，表示过去打算或应该做某事。
例句：
- I thought you should arrive by now. (过去将来时)
8. Could 和 Might 助动词
Could 和 might 分别是 can 和 could 的过去式，用于构成过去时和过去将来时，表示能力或可能性。
例句：
- She could run very fast when she was young. (过去的能力)
- He might come late to the party. (可能性，过去将来时)
9. Must 助动词
Must 表示必要性或可能性，用于构成肯定句。
例句：
- You must come to the party. (必要性)
10. Need 助动词
Need 表示需要，可用于构成否定句和疑问句。
例句：
- Need I say it again? (疑问句)
- You need not worry about it. (否定句)
以上是英语中常见的助动词及其用法。在实际应用中，这些助动词可以根据上下文和句子结构的不同，展现出更为复杂的用法和含义。学习和掌握这些助动词对于提高英语水平至关重要。